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Quadrant (plane geometry) The axes of a two-dimensional Cartesian system divide the plane into four infinite regions, called quadrants, each bounded by two half-axes. The axes themselves are, in general, not part of the respective quadrants. These are often numbered from 1st to 4th and denoted by Roman numerals: I (where the signs of the (x; y ...
Cartesian coordinate system with a circle of radius 2 centered at the origin marked in red. The equation of a circle is (x − a)2 + (y − b)2 = r2 where a and b are the coordinates of the center (a, b) and r is the radius. Cartesian coordinates are named for René Descartes, whose invention of them in the 17th century revolutionized ...
v. t. e. In mathematics, analytic geometry, also known as coordinate geometry or Cartesian geometry, is the study of geometry using a coordinate system. This contrasts with synthetic geometry. Analytic geometry is used in physics and engineering, and also in aviation, rocketry, space science, and spaceflight. It is the foundation of most modern ...
A coordinate surface for a particular coordinate q k is the curve, surface, or hypersurface on which q k is a constant. For example, the three-dimensional Cartesian coordinates ( x , y , z ) is an orthogonal coordinate system, since its coordinate surfaces x = constant, y = constant, and z = constant are planes that meet at right angles to one ...
Kruskal–Szekeres coordinates on a black hole geometry are defined, from the Schwarzschild coordinates , by replacing t and r by a new timelike coordinate T and a new spacelike coordinate : for the exterior region outside the event horizon and: for the interior region . Here is the gravitational constant multiplied by the Schwarzschild mass ...
Orthant. In geometry, an orthant[1] or hyperoctant[2] is the analogue in n -dimensional Euclidean space of a quadrant in the plane or an octant in three dimensions. In general an orthant in n -dimensions can be considered the intersection of n mutually orthogonal half-spaces. By independent selections of half-space signs, there are 2 n orthants ...
In mathematics, the abscissa (/ æbˈsɪs.ə /; plural abscissae or abscissas) and the ordinate are respectively the first and second coordinate of a point in a Cartesian coordinate system: -axis (vertical) coordinate. Usually these are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of a point in plane, the rectangular coordinate system.
A line can lie in a given plane, intersect that plane in a unique point, or be parallel to the plane. In the last case, there will be lines in the plane that are parallel to the given line. A hyperplane is a subspace of one dimension less than the dimension of the full space. The hyperplanes of a three-dimensional space are the two-dimensional ...