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Retinitis pigmentosa is the leading cause of inherited blindness, [51] with approximately 1/4,000 individuals experiencing the non-syndromic form of their disease within their lifetime. [52] It is estimated that 1.5 million people worldwide are currently affected.
The Foundation Fighting Blindness was founded as the National Retinitis Pigmentosa Foundation in 1971 by Gordon and Lulie Gund, Bernard and Beverly Berman, and other dedicated leaders to find cures for retinal degenerations at a time when very little was known about those vision-robbing diseases.
Retinitis pigmentosa is an inherited disease which leads to progressive night blindness and loss of peripheral vision as a result of photoreceptor cell death. [ 29 ] [ 33 ] [ 34 ] Most people who suffer from RP are born with rod cells that are either dead or dysfunctional, so they are effectively blind at nighttime, since these are the cells ...
Studies indicate that nonsyndromic retinitis pigmentosa constitutes approximately 65% of all retinitis pigmentosa cases. Among these, autosomal recessive inheritance accounts for around 10–15%, autosomal dominant for 20–25%, and X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (XLRP) is the least common form, characterized by early onset and severe vision loss.
Optimal candidates for retinal implants have retinal diseases, such as retinitis pigmentosa or age-related macular degeneration. These diseases cause blindness by affecting the photoreceptor cells in the outer layer of the retina, while leaving the inner and middle retinal layers intact.
As of 2022, the technique was still in the early stages of research in human patients. A review of literature published in 2020 estimated this therapy as "probably effective" in the treatment of retinitis pigmentosa, based on the evidence available at the time. [1]