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Morchella esculenta (commonly known as common morel, morel, yellow morel, true morel, morel mushroom, and sponge morel) is a species of fungus in the family Morchellaceae of the Ascomycota. It is one of the most readily recognized of all the edible mushrooms and highly sought after.
Minnesota was the first to declare a species; Morchella esculenta was chosen as its state mushroom in 1984, and codified into Statute in 2010. [1] Four other states, Missouri, Washington, Massachusetts, and New York [2] [3] [4] have had state mushrooms proposed.
Morchella species have an ascocarp with a sponge-like pileus, with a hollow stipe and pileus. Verpa species have a cup-like or thimble-shaped, smooth or wrinkled pileus above a hollow stipe. Disciotis has a cup-like pileus with vein-like hymenial folds and a small or nonexistent stipe. [4] The ascospores are ellipsoid, smooth, and usually ...
Morchella semilibera in Indiana, US. Certain Morchella species (M. eximia, M. importuna, M. tomentosa and others) exhibit a pyrophilic behaviour and may grow abundantly in forests which have been recently burned by a fire. [68] [69] Moderate-intensity fires are reported to produce higher abundances of morels than low- or high-intensity fires. [48]
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In the Great Lakes region of eastern North America, the range of M. americana overlaps with M. ulmaria; the two species cannot be reliably distinguished without DNA sampling. [4] Other similar species include M. diminutiva, M. prava and others in the genus, in addition to Verpa bohemica and Gyromitra species. [1]
Morchella esculenta (morel) must be cooked before eating. [21] Verpa bohemica is considered choice by some—it even can be found for sale as a "morel"—but cases of toxicity have been reported. Verpas appear to contain monomethylhydrazine [22] and similar precautions apply to them as Gyromitra species.
M. esculenta may refer to: Manihot esculenta , the cassava, yuca or manioc, a shrub species found in South America Morchella esculenta , the morel, yellow morel, common morel, true morel, morel mushroom or sponge morel, a mushroom species