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The history of Rome includes the history of the city of Rome as well as the civilisation of ancient Rome. Roman history has been influential on the modern world, especially in the history of the Catholic Church, and Roman law has influenced many modern legal systems. Roman history can be divided into the following periods:
Marcomannic Wars: Rome and the Iazyges signed a treaty under which the latter agreed to return Roman prisoners of war and supply troops to the Auxilia, ending the war. 177: Marcus named his natural son Commodus co-ruler with himself. 180: 17 March: Marcus died. Antonine Plague: The pandemic ended. 184: The Antonine Wall was abandoned by Roman ...
476 - Romulus Augustulus is deposed, traditionally considered the end of the Western Roman Empire and the beginning of the Middle Ages in Europe. Constantinople continues to be the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. 496 - The first pope to achieve the Pontifex Maximus is Anastasius II. 536 - Rome is recovered for the Roman Empire by Belisarius.
Territorial development of the Roman Republic and of the Roman Empire (Animated map) The history of the Roman Empire covers the history of ancient Rome from the traditional end of the Roman Republic in 27 BC until the abdication of Romulus Augustulus in AD 476 in the West, and the Fall of Constantinople in the East in 1453.
Winged Victory, ancient Roman fresco of the Neronian era from Pompeii The Roman Empire under Hadrian (ruled 117–138) showing the location of the Roman legions deployed in 125 AD. After the Punic Wars, the Roman army comprised professional soldiers who volunteered for 20 years of active duty and five as reserves.
The beginnings of Rome: Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (c. 1000-264 BC). Routledge history of the ancient world. London; New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-01596-7. OCLC 31515793. Forsythe, Gary (2005). A critical history of early Rome: from prehistory to the first Punic War. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Before the return of the papacy, repeatedly postponed because of the bad conditions of the city and the lack of control and security, it was first necessary to strengthen the political and doctrinal aspects of the pontiff. When, in 1377, Gregory XI did return to Rome, he found his power more formal than real. It was a city in anarchy because of ...
Caesar's civil war (49–45 BC) was a civil war during the late Roman Republic between two factions led by Gaius Julius Caesar and Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey). The main cause of the war was political tensions relating to Caesar's place in the republic on his expected return to Rome on the expiration of his governorship in Gaul.