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Tadpole pupil is diagnosed and characterized by the abnormality of the pupil shape. The pupil can disorient itself in different ways before it returns to its original shape. [ 6 ] For example, the pupil may stretch out to a 7 o'clock position, [ 6 ] i.e. the pupil points in the same direction the hour hand on a clock would at 7 o'clock.
Anisocoria has various causes: [3] Physiological anisocoria: About 20% of the population has a slight difference in pupil size, which is known as physiological anisocoria. In this condition, the difference between pupils is usually less than 1 mm. [4] Horner's syndrome
The extraneous pupil is c. 2.5mm away from the principal pupil. In cases of true polycoria there is an intact sphincter muscle , which contracts and dilates the pupils. [ 7 ] In an eye without polycoria, the sphincter muscle is a part of the iris that functions to constrict and dilate the pupil.
Dilation of the pupil in an eye with synechia can cause the pupil to take an irregular, non-circular shape (dyscoria) as shown in the photograph. If the pupil can be fully dilated during the treatment of iritis, the prognosis for recovery from synechia is good. This is a treatable status. To subdue inflammation, topical corticosteroids can be used.
The main characteristic that distinguishes physiological anisocoria is an increase of pupil size with lower light or reduced illumination, such that the pupils differ in size between the two eyes. At any given eye examination, up to 41% of healthy patients can show an anisocoria of 0.4 mm or more at one time or another.
Adie's pupil is caused by damage to peripheral pathways to the pupil (parasympathetic neurons in the ciliary ganglion that cause pupillary constriction to bright light and with near vision). The pathophysiologic mechanism which produces an Argyll Robertson pupil is unclear, but is believed to be the result of bilateral damage to the pretectal ...
The role of the pupil is to let light in and onto the retina at the back of the eye where the light-sensitive cells are located. Humans , other primates, and dogs have round (spherical) pupils ...
Irregular pupil; Signs of anterior uveitis include dilated ciliary vessels, presence of cells and flare in the anterior chamber, and keratic precipitates ("KP") on the posterior surface of the cornea. In severe inflammation there may be evidence of a hypopyon. Old episodes of uveitis are identified by pigment deposits on lens, KPs, and ...