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Such reactions rely on the easy displacement of the chloride with nucleophiles such as amines: (ClCN) 3 + 2 RNH 2 → (RNHCN)(ClCN) 2 + RNH 3 + Cl −. Other triazine herbicides, such as simazine, anilazine and cyromazine are made in an analogous way. [3] Cyanuric chloride is also used as a precursor to dyes and crosslinking agents.
When using oxalyl chloride as the dehydration agent, the reaction must be kept colder than −60 °C to avoid side reactions. With cyanuric chloride [11] or trifluoroacetic anhydride [12] instead of oxalyl chloride, the reaction can be warmed to −30 °C without side reactions.
With amines, one or more chloride is displaced. The remaining chlorides are reactive, and this theme is the basis of the large field of reactive dyes. Cyanuric chloride assists in the amidation of carboxylic acids. [3] The 1,2,4-triazines can react with electron-rich dienophiles in an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction. This forms a ...
Beckmann reaction. The reaction mechanism for this reaction is based on a catalytic cycle with cyanuric chloride activating the hydroxyl group via a nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The reaction product is dislodged and replaced by new reactant via an intermediate Meisenheimer complex. Beckmann cyanuric acid cataly cycle
Simazine is an off-white crystalline compound which is sparingly soluble in water. It is a member of the triazine-derivative herbicides, and was widely used as a residual non-selective herbicide, but is now banned in European Union states. [2] Like atrazine, a related triazine herbicide, it acts by inhibiting photosynthesis. It remains active ...
These compounds react readily with many other nucleophiles as well, most notably alcohols and amines (see Hinsberg reaction). If the nucleophile is an alcohol, the product is a sulfonate ester; if it is an amine, the product is a sulfonamide : [ citation needed ]
Cyanogen bromide is the inorganic compound with the formula (CN)Br or BrCN. It is a colorless solid that is widely used to modify biopolymers, fragment proteins and peptides (cuts the C-terminus of methionine), and synthesize other compounds. The compound is classified as a pseudohalogen.
In the Mannich reaction, primary or secondary amines or ammonia react with formaldehyde to form a Schiff base. Tertiary amines lack an N–H proton and so do not react. The Schiff base can react with α-CH-acidic compounds (nucleophiles) that include carbonyl compounds, nitriles, acetylenes, aliphatic nitro compounds, α-alkyl-pyridines or imines.