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Sodium borohydride, also known as sodium tetrahydridoborate and sodium tetrahydroborate, [5] is an inorganic compound with the formula Na B H 4 (sometimes written as Na[BH 4]). It is a white crystalline solid, usually encountered as an aqueous basic solution. Sodium borohydride is a reducing agent that finds application in papermaking and dye ...
At low pH values, it efficiently reduces aldehydes and ketones. [7] As the pH increases, the reduction rate slows and instead, the imine intermediate becomes preferential for reduction. [ 7 ] For this reason, NaBH 3 CN is an ideal reducing agent for one-pot direct reductive amination reactions that don't isolate the intermediate imine.
Lithium borohydride (LiBH 4) is a borohydride and known in organic synthesis as a reducing agent for esters.Although less common than the related sodium borohydride, the lithium salt offers some advantages, being a stronger reducing agent and highly soluble in ethers, whilst remaining safer to handle than lithium aluminium hydride.
Lithium aluminium hydride also reduces alkyl halides to alkanes. [36] [37] Alkyl iodides react the fastest, followed by alkyl bromides and then alkyl chlorides. Primary halides are the most reactive followed by secondary halides. Tertiary halides react only in certain cases. [38] Lithium aluminium hydride does not reduce simple alkenes or arenes.
When a strong acid is neutralized by a strong base there are no excess hydrogen ions left in the solution. The solution is said to be neutral as it is neither acidic nor alkaline. The pH of such a solution is close to a value of 7; the exact pH value is dependent on the temperature of the solution. Neutralization is an exothermic reaction.
In organometallic chemistry, organolithium reagents are chemical compounds that contain carbon–lithium (C–Li) bonds.These reagents are important in organic synthesis, and are frequently used to transfer the organic group or the lithium atom to the substrates in synthetic steps, through nucleophilic addition or simple deprotonation. [1]
A reaction between aqueous solutions of an acid and a base is called neutralization, producing a solution of water and a salt in which the salt separates into its component ions. If the aqueous solution is saturated with a given salt solute , any additional such salt precipitates out of the solution.
Sodium hydride is the chemical compound with the empirical formula Na H.This alkali metal hydride is primarily used as a strong yet combustible base in organic synthesis.NaH is a saline (salt-like) hydride, composed of Na + and H − ions, in contrast to molecular hydrides such as borane, silane, germane, ammonia, and methane.