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A McCabe–Thiele diagram for the distillation of a binary (two-component) feed is constructed using the vapor-liquid equilibrium (VLE) data—which is how vapor is concentrated when in contact with its liquid form—for the component with the lower boiling point. Figure 1: Typical McCabe–Thiele diagram for distillation of a binary feed
Distillation Design is a book which provides complete coverage of the design of industrial distillation columns for the petroleum refining, chemical and petrochemical plants, natural gas processing, pharmaceutical, food and alcohol distilling industries.
Fractionation at total reflux. The Fenske equation in continuous fractional distillation is an equation used for calculating the minimum number of theoretical plates required for the separation of a binary feed stream by a fractionation column that is being operated at total reflux (i.e., which means that no overhead product distillate is being withdrawn from the column).
An overhead condenser is a heat exchange equipment used for condensing the mixture leaving the top of the column. Either cooling water or air is used as a cooling agent. An overhead accumulator is a horizontal pressure vessel containing the condensed mixture. Pumps can be used to control the reflux to the column.
A fractionating column or fractional column is equipment used in the distillation of liquid mixtures to separate the mixture into its component parts, or fractions, based on their differences in volatility. Fractionating columns are used in small-scale laboratory distillations as well as large-scale industrial distillations.
In this case the mixture components A and B are separated in the first column through the solvent E (recovered in the second column). Extractive distillation is defined as distillation in the presence of a miscible , high-boiling, relatively non-volatile component, the solvent , that forms no azeotrope with the other components in the mixture.
Chemical engineering schematic of typical bubble-cap trays in a distillation tower. Design and operation of a distillation column depends on the feed and desired products. Given a simple, binary component feed, analytical methods such as the McCabe–Thiele method [4] [6] [7] or the Fenske equation [4] can be used.
Modeling and simulation of batch distillation unit is done with the help of one of the most important process simulators (aspen plus) used in chemical industry with the following data given in the table and check the simulation result. Various steps are involved in the simulation of batch distillation column using aspen plus software is :