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Places, where crops were initially domesticated, are called centers of origin. This is a list of plants that have been domesticated by humans. The list includes individual plant species identified by their common names as well as larger formal and informal botanical categories which include at least some domesticated individuals.
List of culinary herbs and spices; List of culinary nuts; List of dried foods; List of edible seeds; List of snack foods; List of vegetables; Local food – Food produced within a short distance of where it is consumed; Neolithic Revolution – Transition in human history from hunter-gatherer to settled peoples; New World crops – Crops native ...
Plant domestication begins with cultivation of Neolithic founder crops. This process of food production, coupled later with the domestication of animals caused a massive increase in human population that has continued to the present. In Jericho (modern Israel), there is a settlement with about 19,000 people.
In 1988, the Israeli botanist Daniel Zohary and the German botanist Maria Hopf formulated their founder crops hypothesis. They proposed that eight plant species were domesticated by early Neolithic farming communities in Southwest Asia (Fertile Crescent) and went on to form the basis of agricultural economies across much of Eurasia, including Southwest Asia, South Asia, Europe, and North ...
For crop plants, Nikolai Vavilov identified differing numbers of centers: three in 1924, five in 1926, six in 1929, seven in 1931, eight in 1935 and reduced to seven again in 1940. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Vavilov argued that plants were not domesticated somewhere in the world at random, but that there were regions where domestication started.
Though the limitations of medieval farming were once thought to have provided a ceiling for the population growth in the Middle Ages, recent studies have shown that the technology of medieval agriculture was always sufficient for the needs of the people under normal circumstances, [155] [156] and that it was only during exceptionally harsh ...
Three crops: maize, wheat, and rice, account for approximately 50% of the world's consumption of calories and protein, [6] and about 95% of the world's food needs are provided by just 30 species of plants. [7] Despite this, the list of crop species compiled as edible extends to around 12,650. [8]
New World crops are those crops, food and otherwise, that are native to the New World (mostly the Americas) and were not found in the Old World before 1492 AD. Many of these crops are now grown around the world and have often become an integral part of the cuisine of various cultures in the Old World .