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The term "cockpit resource management"—which was later generalized to "crew resource management"—was coined in 1979 by NASA psychologist John Lauber, who for several years had studied communication processes in cockpits. [5]
Prior to the 1970s, cockpits did not typically use any electronic instruments or displays (see Glass cockpit history).Improvements in computer technology, the need for enhancement of situational awareness in more complex environments, and the rapid growth of commercial air transportation, together with continued military competitiveness, led to increased levels of integration in the cockpit.
A flight management system (FMS) is a fundamental component of a modern airliner's avionics. An FMS is a specialized computer system that automates a wide variety of in-flight tasks, reducing the workload on the flight crew to the point that modern civilian aircraft no longer carry flight engineers or navigators .
A Honeywell Pegasus CDU in the cockpit of a Boeing 767-300.. It is also used as the name of 'the interface device unit' used to access the flight management computers (FMC), the main computers and software seen in larger aircraft, especially airliners such as Boeing 737, 767, and 777.
The glass cockpit idea made news in 1980s trade magazines, like Aviation Week & Space Technology, when NASA announced that it would be replacing most of the electro-mechanical flight instruments in the space shuttles with glass cockpit components. The articles mentioned how glass cockpit components had the added benefit of being a few hundred ...
The FAA's Weather Technology in the Cockpit team of researchers are experts on the pitfalls of how weather is displayed in general aviation cockpits. [162] Their main research goal is to encourage improvements in how meteorological information is shown to pilots so they can consistently and accurately interpret that information, understand its ...
Cockpit of an Airbus A319 during landing Cockpit of an IndiGo A320. A cockpit or flight deck [1] is the area, on the front part of an aircraft, spacecraft, or submersible, from which a pilot controls the vehicle. Cockpit of an Antonov An-124 Cockpit of an A380. Most Airbus cockpits are glass cockpits featuring fly-by-wire technology.
An integrated standby instrument system (ISIS) is an electronic aircraft instrument. It is intended to serve as backup in case of a failure of the standard glass cockpit instrumentation, allowing pilots to continue to receive key flight-related information.