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A silver fleur-de-lis on a blue background is the arms of the Barons Digby. [56] In English and Canadian heraldry the fleur-de-lis is the cadence mark of a sixth son. [57] A fleur-de-lis can also be seen on the flag of Monmouthshire, Wales: Per pale azure and sable three fleurs-de-lys or. [58]
Until 1832 in France, various offenses carried the additional infamy of being branded with a fleur de lis and galley slaves could be branded GAL or, once the galleys were replaced by the bagnes on land, TF (travaux forcés, 'forced' labor, i.e. hard labour) or TFP (travaux forcés à perpetuité, hard labour for life).
Runaway slaves who had disappeared for a month were to have their ears cut off and be branded with the fleur-de-lis. In the case of recidivism, the slave's hamstring would be cut . Should there be a third attempt, the slave would be put to death.
Brands of the fleur-de-lis, as well the letters V (for voleur, meaning thief) and GAL were used to identify the prisoners condemned as galley-slaves. [4] Naval forces from both Christian and Muslim countries often turned prisoners of war into galley-slaves.
The fleur-de-lys (or fleur-de-lis, plural: fleurs-de-lis; / ˌ f l ɜːr d ə ˈ l iː /, [ˌflœː(ʀ)dəˈlɪs] in Quebec French), translated from French as "lily flower") is a stylized design of either an iris or a lily that is now used purely decoratively as well as symbolically, or it may be "at one and the same time political, dynastic ...
However, if a slave hits his master (article 33), acts inappropriately towards a free person (article 34) or steals a horse or cow (article 35), he is to be killed. Article 38: the runaway slave is to have his ears cut and is to have the image of a lily "fleur-de-lis" (a symbol of French royalty) branded unto his shoulder. If he relapses, he is ...
The most famous heraldic flower (particularly in French heraldry) is the fleur-de-lis, which is often stated to be a stylised lily, though despite the name there is considerable debate on this. [citation needed] The "natural" lily, somewhat stylised, also occurs, as (together with the fleur-de-lis) in the arms of Eton College.
In the ruins, the Spanish found cannonballs with the French fleur-de-lis mark, evidence of the contacts stemming from the Franco-Ottoman alliance. [14] The resulting massacre of the city left an estimated 30,000 dead. [17] Barbarossa managed to flee to Algiers with a troop of several thousand Ottomans. [5] Muley Hasan was restored to his throne ...