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  2. Packing problems - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packing_problems

    Packing identical rectangles in a rectangle: The problem of packing multiple instances of a single rectangle of size (l,w), allowing for 90° rotation, in a bigger rectangle of size (L,W) has some applications such as loading of boxes on pallets and, specifically, woodpulp stowage. For example, it is possible to pack 147 rectangles of size (137 ...

  3. Packing density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Packing_density

    The optimal packing density or packing constant associated with a supply collection is the supremum of upper densities obtained by packings that are subcollections of the supply collection. If the supply collection consists of convex bodies of bounded diameter, there exists a packing whose packing density is equal to the packing constant, and ...

  4. First-fit-decreasing bin packing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-fit-decreasing_bin...

    An important special case of bin-packing is that which the item sizes form a divisible sequence (also called factored). A special case of divisible item sizes occurs in memory allocation in computer systems, where the item sizes are all powers of 2. In this case, FFD always finds the optimal packing. [6]: Thm.2

  5. Sphere packing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphere_packing

    The strictly jammed (mechanically stable even as a finite system) regular sphere packing with the lowest known density is a diluted ("tunneled") fcc crystal with a density of only π √ 2 /9 ≈ 0.49365. [6] The loosest known regular jammed packing has a density of approximately 0.0555. [7]

  6. Next-fit bin packing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Next-fit_bin_packing

    Next-fit is an online algorithm for bin packing. Its input is a list of items of different sizes. Its output is a packing - a partition of the items into bins of fixed capacity, such that the sum of sizes of items in each bin is at most the capacity. Ideally, we would like to use as few bins as possible, but minimizing the number of bins is an ...

  7. Limits of computation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limits_of_computation

    The Margolus–Levitin theorem sets a bound on the maximum computational speed per unit of energy: 6 × 10 33 operations per second per joule.This bound, however, can be avoided if there is access to quantum memory.

  8. Random close pack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_close_pack

    Random close packing (RCP) of spheres is an empirical parameter used to characterize the maximum volume fraction of solid objects obtained when they are packed randomly. For example, when a solid container is filled with grain, shaking the container will reduce the volume taken up by the objects, thus allowing more grain to be added to the container.

  9. Circle packing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Circle_packing

    A compact binary circle packing with the most similarly sized circles possible. [7] It is also the densest possible packing of discs with this size ratio (ratio of 0.6375559772 with packing fraction (area density) of 0.910683). [8] There are also a range of problems which permit the sizes of the circles to be non-uniform.