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The First Intermediate Period, described as a 'dark period' in ancient Egyptian history, [1] spanned approximately 125 years, c. 2181–2055 BC, after the end of the Old Kingdom. [2] It comprises the Seventh (although this is mostly considered spurious by Egyptologists), Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, and part of the Eleventh Dynasties.
Intermediate periods are red, orange, and yellow. Note that multiple dynasties could reign from different cities simultaneously in intermediate periods and at the end of the Middle Kingdom. Dynastic reigning times are often very approximate; the above uses the dates of the Egyptian dynasty list template.
The Middle Kingdom was a period of reunification after Mentuhotep II’s defeat of the rival 10th Dynasty of Herakleopolis that would last for about 400 years. While the Old Kingdom could be defined by their large tombs and pyramids the Middle Kingdom holds no such trait and was more of a time of change.
A Test of Time proposes a down-dating (bringing closer to the present), by several centuries, of the New Kingdom of Egypt, thus needing a major revision of the conventional chronology of ancient Egypt. Rohl asserts that this would let scholars identify some of the major events in the Hebrew Bible with events in the archaeological record and ...
The history of ancient Egypt spans the period from the early prehistoric settlements of the northern Nile valley to the Roman conquest of Egypt in 30 BC. The pharaonic period, the period in which Egypt was ruled by a pharaoh, is dated from the 32nd century BC, when Upper and Lower Egypt were unified, until the country fell under Macedonian rule in 332 BC.
The Tenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (Dynasty X) is often combined with the 7th, 8th, 9th and early 11th Dynasties under the group title First Intermediate Period. [1]
Sehertawy Intef I was a local nomarch at Thebes during the early First Intermediate Period and later an ancient Egyptian pharaoh. He was the first member of the 11th Dynasty to lay claim to a Horus name.
Qakare Ibi (died c. 2167 BC) was an ancient Egyptian king during the early First Intermediate Period (2181–2055 BC) and the 14th ruler of the Eighth Dynasty. [1] [2] [3] As such, Ibi's seat of power was Memphis [4] and he probably did not hold power over all of Egypt.