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Carranza's childhood home in Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila A young Carranza, c.1870s. José Venustiano Carranza de la Garza was born in the town of Cuatro Ciénegas, in the state of Coahuila, in 1859, to a prosperous cattle-ranching family [10] of Basque descent. [11] [12] During the Middle Ages, his ancestors fought Muslim forces for Castilian kings.
U.S. president Woodrow Wilson considered another military invasion of Veracruz and Tampico in 1917–1918, [17] [18] so as to take control of Tehuantepec Isthmus and Tampico oil fields, [18] [19] but this time the new Mexican President Venustiano Carranza gave the order to destroy the oil fields in case the Marines tried to land there. [20]
The Constitutionalist Army of First Chief Venustiano Carranza was represented by Álvaro Obregón and Lucio Blanco. The Federal Army was represented by General Gustavo A. Salas and Admiral Othón P. Blanco, while Mexico City was represented by Eduardo Iturbe. The treaties established the surrender of the Federal Army and its dissolution.
US President Woodrow Wilson considered another military invasion of Veracruz and Tampico in 1917–1918, [36] [37] so as to take control of Tehuantepec Isthmus and Tampico oil fields, [37] [38] but this time the new Mexican President Venustiano Carranza gave the order to destroy the oil fields in case the Marines tried to land there. [39]
Anti-Huerta forces in the north under Venustiano Carranza and in the south under Emiliano Zapata forced the resignation of Huerta in July 1914. A civil war between Carranza and Zapata broke out in 1915, with the U.S. recognizing Carranza's Constitutionalist faction. The US supplied arms to Carranza's army.
It was formed in March 1913 by Venustiano Carranza, so-called "First-Chief" of the army, as a response to the murder of President Francisco I. Madero and Vice President José María Pino Suárez by Victoriano Huerta during La Decena Trágica (Ten Tragic Days) of 1913, and the resulting usurpation of presidential power by Huerta.
The call for the convention was issued on 1 October 1914 by Venustiano Carranza, head of the Constitutional Army, who described it as the Gran Convención de Jefes militares con mando de fuerzas y gobernadores de los Estados ("Great Convention of Commanding Military Chiefs and State Governors") and seen as "the last attempt to create unity ...
In 1914, leaders such as Venustiano Carranza and Pancho Villa overthrew Huerta and Reyes' regime until 1915. Carranza later betrayed Pancho Villa and by 1917, Carranza created the Constitution of Mexico and promoted land reform in Mexico as well as other important documents and increased the power of the federal government.