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Java Authentication and Authorization Service, or JAAS, pronounced "Jazz", [1] is the Java implementation of the standard Pluggable Authentication Module (PAM) information security framework. [2] JAAS was introduced as an extension library to the Java Platform, Standard Edition 1.3 and was integrated in version 1.4.
In cryptography, CRAM-MD5 is a challenge–response authentication mechanism (CRAM) based on the HMAC-MD5 algorithm. As one of the mechanisms supported by the Simple Authentication and Security Layer (SASL), it is often used in email software as part of SMTP Authentication and for the authentication of POP and IMAP users, as well as in applications implementing LDAP, XMPP, BEEP, and other ...
As the name suggests, CCM mode combines counter (CTR) mode for confidentiality with cipher block chaining message authentication code (CBC-MAC) for authentication. These two primitives are applied in an "authenticate-then-encrypt" manner: CBC-MAC is first computed on the message to obtain a message authentication code (MAC), then the message and the MAC are encrypted using counter mode.
In the second method, a secret key is also stored in the .Xauthority file. The client creates a string by concatenating the current time, a transport-dependent identifier, and the cookie, encrypts the resulting string, and sends it to the server. The xauth application is a utility for accessing the .Xauthority file.
G (key-generator) gives the key k on input 1 n, where n is the security parameter. S (signing) outputs a tag t on the key k and the input string x. V (verifying) outputs accepted or rejected on inputs: the key k, the string x and the tag t. S and V must satisfy the following: Pr [ k ← G(1 n), V( k, x, S(k, x) ) = accepted] = 1. [5]
Alice sends a message encrypted with Bob's public key to Bob to show that Alice is a valid user. Bob verifies the message: Bob checks the format and timestamp. If either is incorrect or invalid, the session is aborted. The message is then decrypted with Bob's secret key, giving Alice's ID. Bob checks if the message matches a valid user.
But she couldn't impersonate Alice even for a single login session, as Alice included into her hash the encryption key of Mallory, resulting in a login-fail from Bob. To make a fully transparent attack, Mallory would need to know the password used by Alice, or the secret encryption key of Bob.
the middle three characters, r-x, define permissions for the Group class (i.e. the group owning the file) the rightmost three characters, ---, define permissions for the Others class. In this example, users who are not the owner of the file and who are not members of the Group (and, thus, are in the Others class) have no permission to access ...