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Benign fasciculation syndrome (BFS) is characterized by fasciculation (twitching) of voluntary muscles in the body. [1] The twitching can occur in any voluntary muscle group but is most common in the eyelids, arms, hands, fingers, legs, and feet. The tongue can also be affected. The twitching may be occasional to continuous. [2]
Stiff-person syndrome (SPS), also known as stiff-man syndrome, [1] is a rare neurological disorder of unclear cause characterized by progressive muscular rigidity and stiffness. The stiffness primarily affects the truncal muscles and is characterised by spasms , resulting in postural deformities.
Rigidity is characterized by an increased muscle tone (an excessive and continuous contraction of the muscles) which produces stiffness and resistance to movement in joints. [1] Rigidity may be associated with joint pain, with such pain being a frequent initial manifestation of the disease. [1]
Distal muscular dystrophy, also called distal myopathy, is essentially any muscle disease that preferentially affects the hands and/or feet, a much less common pattern than proximal muscle weakness. Late adult-onset type 1; Late adult-onset type 2a; Late adult-onset type 2b; Early adult-onset type 1; Early adult-onset type 2; Early adult-onset ...
Spastic hypertonia involves uncontrollable muscle spasms, stiffening or straightening out of muscles, shock-like contractions of all or part of a group of muscles, and abnormal muscle tone. It is seen in disorders such as cerebral palsy, stroke, and spinal cord injury. Rigidity is a severe state of hypertonia where muscle resistance occurs ...
Additionally, swan-neck deformity can be caused by weakening or tearing of the ligament and tendon on the middle joint of a finger. [10] Other causes of swan-neck deformity include untreated mallet finger, muscle spasticity, physical hand trauma, and many others. [11]
A neuromuscular disease is any disease affecting the peripheral nervous system (PNS), [a] the neuromuscular junctions, or skeletal muscles, all of which are components of the motor unit. [4] Damage to any of these structures can cause muscle atrophy and weakness. Issues with sensation can also occur. Neuromuscular diseases can be acquired or ...
The rigidity may be complete or partial and may be due to inflammation of the tendinous or muscular structures outside the joint or of the tissues of the joint itself. [1] When the structures outside the joint are affected, the term "false ankylosis" has been used in contradistinction to "true ankylosis", in which the disease is within the joint.