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Dactinomycin, also known as actinomycin D, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. [2] This includes Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, trophoblastic neoplasm, testicular cancer, and certain types of ovarian cancer. [2] It is given by injection into a vein. [2] Most people develop side effects. [2]
A chemotherapy regimen is a regimen for chemotherapy, defining the drugs to be used, their dosage, the frequency and duration of treatments, and other considerations. In modern oncology, many regimens combine several chemotherapy drugs in combination chemotherapy. The majority of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy are cytostatic, many via ...
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 21 February 2025. Medical condition Kidney cancer Other names Renal cancer Micrograph showing the most common type of kidney cancer (clear cell renal cell carcinoma). H&E stain. Specialty Oncology nephrology Urology Symptoms Blood in the urine, lump in the abdomen, back pain Usual onset After the age of ...
If a patient experiences such abnormalities in sensation, then CIPN should be suspected. Furthermore, most CIPN symptoms appear during the first two months of treatment, progress during treatment, and stabilize after completion. It would be unexpected for CIPN to first appear weeks or months after the last dose of chemotherapy treatment. [1]
Symptomatic features of paraneoplastic syndrome cultivate in four ways: endocrine, neurological, mucocutaneous, and hematological.The most common presentation is a fever (release of endogenous pyrogens often related to lymphokines or tissue pyrogens), but the overall picture will often include several clinical cases observed which may specifically simulate more common benign conditions.
Wilms' tumor or Wilms tumor, [3] also known as nephroblastoma, is a cancer of the kidneys that typically occurs in children (rarely in adults), [4] and occurs most commonly as a renal tumor in child patients. [5] [6] It is named after Max Wilms, the German surgeon (1867–1918) who first described it. [7]
In conventional chemotherapy, a dose close to the maximum tolerated dose is administered in a bolus manner to achieve cytotoxic effects on tumor cells. [5] However, the side effects are often significant as the cytotoxic agents also kill the fast-dividing cells normally present in the body, such as bone marrow cells and epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract. [6]
The NWTS was created with the purpose of improving survival of children with Wilms' tumor. NWTS studies were conducted at over 250 pediatric oncology treatment centers in the United States, Canada, and other countries. Approximately 70-80% of patients with Wilms' tumor were enrolled on NWTS treatment protocols, totalling 440 patients per year.