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"A review on the diagnosis of animal trypanosomoses". Parasites & Vectors. 15 (1): 64. doi: 10.1186/s13071-022-05190-1. ISSN 1756-3305. PMC 8858479. PMID 35183235. Uilenberg, G. (1998). "African animal trypanosomes". A field guide for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of African animal trypanosomosis. Food and Agriculture Organization of ...
The main approaches to controlling African trypanosomiasis are to reduce the reservoirs of infection and the presence of the tsetse fly. Screening of people at risk helps identify patients at an early stage. Diagnosis should be made as early as possible and before the advanced stage to avoid complicated, difficult and risky treatment procedures.
Sandfly species transmit the disease leishmaniasis, by acting as vectors for protozoan Leishmania species, and tsetse flies transmit protozoan trypansomes (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypansoma brucei rhodesiense) which cause African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness). Ticks and lice form another large group of invertebrate vectors.
T. brucei rhodesiense which causes fast onset acute trypanosomiasis in humans. A highly zoonotic parasite, it is prevalent in southern and eastern Africa, where game animals and livestock are thought to be the primary reservoir. [45] [48] T. brucei brucei which causes animal trypanosomiasis, along with several other species of Trypanosoma. T. b.
T. evansi, which causes one form of the disease surra in certain animals including camels [20] (a single case report of human infection in 2005 in India [21] was successfully treated with suramin [22]) T. everetti, in birds; T. hosei, in amphibians; T. irwini, in koalas; T. lewisi, in rats; T. melophagium, in sheep, transmitted via Melophagus ...
Surra (from the Marathi sūra, meaning the sound of heavy breathing through nostrils, of imitative origin) [1] is a disease of vertebrate animals. The disease is caused by protozoan trypanosomes , specifically Trypanosoma evansi , of several species which infect the blood of the vertebrate host, causing fever , weakness, and lethargy which lead ...
African trypanosomiasis is an insect-borne parasitic infection of humans and other animals. [ 3 ] Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as African sleeping sickness or simply sleeping sickness , is caused by the species Trypanosoma brucei . [ 3 ]
The tsetse is an obligate parasite, which lives by feeding on the blood of vertebrate animals. Tsetse has been extensively studied because of their role in transmitting disease. They have pronounced economic and public health impacts in sub-Saharan Africa as the biological vectors of trypanosomes, causing human and animal trypanosomiasis. [4] [5]