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Secularism in modern Iraq dates back to the 14 July Revolution of 1958 which overthrew the Kingdom of Iraq's Hashemite dynasty and established the Iraqi Republic. [1] Islam is the official state religion of Iraq, but the constitution, guarantees freedom of religious belief and practices for Muslims, Christians, Yazidis and Sabean-Mandaeans.
[11] [12] Collectively, most Iraqi Turkmen are secular, having internalized the secularist interpretation of state–religion affairs practiced in the Republic of Turkey. [11] The religious and tribal factors and tensions inherent in Iraq's political culture do not significantly affect the Iraqi Turkmen Sunnis and Shias. [13]
The first schools to implement Islamic State teaching was in October 2013 after the Islamic State of Iraq seized territory in Raqqa where a curriculum was made for elementary schools and for children aged seven to 11 years old, many pictures have surfaced of books containing the rules of Islamic manners, the fundamental concepts of tawhid, and the Arabic language where as originally the ...
The term secular religion is often applied today to communal belief systems—as for example with the view of love as the postmodern secular religion. [11] Paul Vitz applied the term to modern psychology in as much as it fosters a cult of the self, explicitly calling "the self-theory ethic ... this secular religion". [12]
This original organization, based upon Joseph Smith's concept of theodemocracy, instituted a governmental system combining biblical theocracy with mid-19th-century American political ideals. [82] [83] In 1849 the Saints organized a secular government in Utah, although many ecclesiastical leaders maintained their positions of secular power.
By ‘epistemological infrastructure’, one means the cast array of ideas that become validated as truths and convincing explanations.” [137] In other words, contrary to the colonial sectarian education system, “students, parents, and teachers created educational content through curricula, and educational practices so as to produce new ...
The Iraq national football team were the 2007 AFC Asian Cup Champions after defeating Saudi Arabia in the final, held in Jakarta, Indonesia. In 2006, Iraq reached the football final of the 2006 Asian Games in Doha, Qatar, after defeating former FIFA World Cup semi-finalists South Korea and eventually finished as runners-up, winning silver.
Iraq was home to one of the oldest Jewish communities of the Middle East. During the Ottoman period, the Jews were part of society in Iraq. Iraq's first finance minister was Sassoon Eskell, an Iraqi Jew from Baghdad. [74] Almost all Iraqi Jews were transferred to Israel in the early 1950s in Operation Ezra and Nehemiah and the Israeli bombing. [74]