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Tank spaced armour has been fielded since the First World War, when it was fitted to the French Schneider CA1 and Saint-Chamond tanks. The late variants of Panzer III had frontal spaced armour: a 20 mm thick face-hardened steel layer in front of the 50 mm thick main armour. Impacted projectiles were physically damaged by the 20mm plate, so the ...
Taken as a whole, spaced armour can provide significantly increased protection while saving weight. The analogous Whipple shield uses the principle of spaced armour to protect spacecraft from the impacts of very fast micrometeoroids. The impact with the first wall melts or breaks up the incoming particle, causing fragments to be spread over a ...
An American XM1 Abrams of the pre-series, the first main battle tank type to be protected by Chobham armour The British Army's Challenger 1 was the second main battle tank to use Chobham armour Chobham armour is the informal name of a composite armour developed in the 1960s at the Military Vehicles and Engineering Establishment , a British tank ...
Sloped armour became very much the fashion after World War II, its most pure expression being perhaps the British Chieftain. [citation needed] However, the latest main battle tanks use perforated and composite armour, which attempts to deform and abrade a penetrator rather than deflecting it, as deflecting a long rod penetrator is difficult ...
An IDF Caterpillar D9 armored bulldozer equipped with slat armor surrounding its driver's cab. Slat armor (or slat armour in British English), also known as bar armor, cage armor, and standoff armor, is a type of vehicle armor designed to protect against high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) attacks, as used by anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs) and rocket-propelled grenades (RPGs).
The welded turret utilised spaced armour formed by two steel plates. [20] The prototypes were equipped with an EMES-12 optical rangefinder and fire control system, which later was adopted on the Leopard 1A4. In mid-1973 a new turret was designed by Wegmann saving 1.5 tonnes (1.7 short tons) in weight. [21]
The best result was achieved by utilizing a 20 millimetres (0.79 in) thick MEXAS armour panel on top of a 7.3 millimetres (0.29 in) HHA plate fitted with a 10 millimetres (0.39 in) liner on the interior — a mass efficiency of 3.5; however the higher thickness decreased the thickness efficiency to 0.8 compared to the other tested armour layouts.
A West German army Leopard 1A1A1 with additional spaced armour on the turret and gun mantlet. A Norwegian Army Leopard 1A1 After the last vehicle from the first four production series was delivered, the Bundeswehr initiated an upgrade programme in 1970 to increase the combat effectiveness of its tanks.