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Herāt (/ h ɛ ˈ r ɑː t /; [4] Farsi/Pashto: هرات) is an oasis city and the third-largest city in Afghanistan. [5] In 2020, it had an estimated population of 574,276, and serves as the capital of Herat Province, situated south of the Paropamisus Mountains (Selseleh-ye Safēd Kōh) in the fertile valley of the Hari River in the western part of the country.
The Arg-e Herat (Dari Persian: ارگ هرات), or Citadel of Herat, is a fort located in the center of Herat in Afghanistan. It dates back to 330 BC, when Alexander the Great and his army arrived to Afghanistan after the Battle of Gaugamela. Many empires have used the fort as their headquarters over the last 2,000 years, during which it was ...
The city has a number of historic sites, including the Herat Citadel and the Musalla Complex. During the Middle Ages Herat became one of the important cities of Khorasan, as it was known as the Pearl of Khorasan. [3] The province of Herat shares a border with Iran in the west and Turkmenistan in the
Bala Hissar sits to the south of the modern city centre at the tail end of the Kuh-e-Shēr Darwāzah (lion door) mountain. The Walls of Kabul, which are 20 feet (6.1 m) high and 12 feet (3.7 m) thick, start at the fortress and follow the mountain ridge in a sweeping curve down to the river. It sports a set of gates for access to the fortress.
The Yu Aw Synagogue (Persian: کنیسای یوآو) is an abandoned Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in the Momanda neighbourhood of the old city of Herat, in western Afghanistan. The area was once known as Mahalla-yi Musahiya, or the "Neighbourhood of the Jews". It is the only synagogue in Herat that has been preserved with ...
The complex ruins consist of the five Musallah Minarets of Herat, the Mir Ali Sher Navai mausoleum, the Gawhar Shad Mausoleum, and the ruins of a large mosque and a madrasa complex. Construction on the complex began in 1417 under Queen Gawharshad , the wife of Timurid ruler Shah Rukh , and ended in the late 1400s with the building of a madrassa ...
Herat is an important city because of its strategic position near the main commercial routes, connecting the Mediterranean to India or China, and the resulting prosperity. [7] At the end of the 12th century, Sultan Ghiyath al-Din Muhammed ibn San initiated the rebuilding of the city's main mosque in Herat.
The Principality of Herat [1] [2] [3] (Persian: شاهزادهنشین هرات), the Emirate of Herat [4] (Persian: امارت هرات), the Herat Khanate [5] (Persian: خاننشین هرات) or simply Herat (Persian: هرات) was a state in Afghanistan from 1793 to 1863, and one of the three main khanates that existed in 19th century Afghanistan (the others being the Khanates of ...