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The English Civil War was a series of civil wars and political machinations between Royalists and Parliamentarians in the Kingdom of England [b] from 1642 to 1651. Part of the wider 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms, the struggle consisted of the First English Civil War and the Second English Civil War.
Charles II (29 May 1630 – 6 February 1685) [c] was King of Scotland from 1649 until 1651 and King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from the 1660 Restoration of the monarchy until his death in 1685. Charles II was the eldest surviving child of Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland and Henrietta Maria of France.
England: Crown of Spain: Victory. Treaty of Lisbon; Charles II of Spain recognizes the sovereignty of the House of Braganza over Portugal and its colonial possessions; 1652 1654 First Anglo-Dutch War Commonwealth of England Dutch Republic: Victory. Treaty of Westminster. 1654 1660 Anglo-Spanish War (1654–1660) Commonwealth of England France ...
Charles came through the window of the Banqueting Hall [d] to the scaffold in what Herbert described as "the saddest sight England ever saw". [32] [33] Charles saw the crowd and realised that the barrier of guards prevented the crowd from hearing any speech he would make, so he addressed his speech to Juxon and the regicide Matthew Thomlinson ...
The Battle of Worcester took place on 3 September 1651 in and around the city of Worcester, England and was the last major battle of the 1642 to 1651 Wars of the Three Kingdoms. A Parliamentarian army of around 28,000 under Oliver Cromwell defeated a largely Scottish Royalist force of 16,000 led by Charles II of England. [2] [3]
Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) [a] was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.. Charles was born into the House of Stuart as the second son of King James VI of Scotland, but after his father inherited the English throne in 1603, he moved to England, where he spent much of the rest of his life.
When Charles V resumed the war, the balance had shifted in his favour; France remained the largest and most powerful state in Western Europe, and England had lost its most capable military leaders. Edward III was too old and the Black Prince an invalid, while in December 1370, John Chandos , the vastly experienced seneschal of Poitou , was ...
Charles, almost stunned by the suddenness of the catastrophe, dismissed his nephew from all his offices and ordered him to leave England, and for almost the last time called upon Goring to rejoin the main army, if a tiny force of raw infantry and disheartened cavalry can be so called, in the neighbourhood of Raglan.