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Critical temperature T c, the temperature below which the wire becomes a superconductor; Critical current density J c, the maximum current a superconducting wire can carry per unit cross-sectional area (see images below for examples with 20 kA/cm 2). Superconducting wires/tapes/cables usually consist of two key features:
The table below shows some of the parameters of common superconductors.X:Y means material X doped with element Y, T C is the highest reported transition temperature in kelvins and H C is a critical magnetic field in tesla.
Niobium–titanium (Nb-Ti) is an alloy of niobium and titanium, used industrially as a type II superconductor wire for superconducting magnets, normally as Nb-Ti fibres in an aluminium or copper matrix. Its critical temperature is about 10 kelvins. [1]
d is the thickness of the sheet or diameter of the wire (m), f is the frequency (Hz), k is a constant equal to 1 for a thin sheet and 2 for a thin wire, ρ is the resistivity of the material (Ω m), and; D is the density of the material (kg/m 3).
The change in the Cooper pair density brought about by the absorption of a single photon in a strip of superconducting material produces a measurable change in its kinetic inductance. Kinetic inductance is also used in a design parameter for superconducting flux qubits : β {\displaystyle \beta } is the ratio of the kinetic inductance of the ...
Niobium–tin superconducting wire from the ITER fusion reactor, which is currently under construction.. Niobium-tin and Niobium-titanium are essential alloys for the industrial use of superconductors, since they remain superconducting in high magnetic fields (30 T for Nb 3 Sn, 15 T for NbTi); there are 1200 tons of NbTi in the magnets of the Large Hadron Collider, whilst Nb 3 Sn is used in ...
For superconducting materials, RRR is calculated differently because ρ is always exactly 0 below the critical temperature, T c, which may be significantly above 0 K.In this case the RRR is calculated using the ρ from just above the superconducting transition temperature instead of at 0 K.
Electrical currents flow within the CuO 2 sheets, resulting in a large anisotropy in normal conducting and superconducting properties, with a much higher conductivity parallel to the CuO 2 plane than in the perpendicular direction. Critical superconducting temperatures depend on the chemical compositions, cations substitutions and oxygen content.