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Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) are abnormal differences seen in magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in patients with Alzheimer's disease. ARIA is associated with anti-amyloid drugs, particularly human monoclonal antibodies such as aducanumab. [1] There are two types of ARIA: ARIA-E and ARIA-H.
A DPD scan is a type of nuclear medicine imaging test which uses radioactive technetium-99m (99m Tc) and 3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid (DPD) to diagnose cardiac amyloidosis. The radiopharmaceutical is taken up only in patients with ATTR amyloidosis , making it a useful tool to differentiate from AL amyloidosis .
The most useful stain in the diagnosis of amyloid is Congo red, which, combined with polarized light, makes the amyloid proteins appear apple-green on microscopy. Also, thioflavin T stain may be used. [22] A number of imaging techniques such as a Nuclear Medicine PYP scan, DPD scan or SAP scan are also in use. [23]
Aducanumab, sold under the brand name Aduhelm, is an anti-amyloid drug designed to treat Alzheimer's disease. It is a monoclonal antibody that targets aggregated forms (plaque) of amyloid beta (Aβ) found in the brains of people with Alzheimer's disease to reduce its buildup. [10] It was developed by Biogen and Eisai. [11] Aducanumab is given via intravenous infusion. [5] Aducanumab was ...
Amyloid is formed through the polymerization of hundreds to thousands of monomeric peptides or proteins into long fibers. Amyloid formation involves a lag phase (also called nucleation phase), an exponential phase (also called growth phase) and a plateau phase (also called saturation phase), as shown in the figure.
Amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, also known as primary amyloidosis, is the most common form of systemic amyloidosis. [1] The disease is caused when a person's antibody -producing cells do not function properly and produce abnormal protein fibers made of components of antibodies called light chains .
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