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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease resulting in damage to the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. [3] As a demyelinating disease , MS disrupts the nervous system's ability to transmit signals , resulting in a range of signs and symptoms , including physical, mental , and sometimes psychiatric problems.
Multiple sclerosis can cause a variety of symptoms including changes in sensation (hypoesthesia), muscle weakness, abnormal muscle spasms, impaired movement, difficulties with coordination and balance, problems in speech (known as dysarthria) or swallowing , visual problems (nystagmus, optic neuritis, or diplopia), fatigue and acute or chronic ...
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Inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IDDs), sometimes called Idiopathic (IIDDs) due to the unknown etiology of some of them, are a heterogenous group of demyelinating diseases - conditions that cause damage to myelin, the protective sheath of nerve fibers - that occur against the background of an acute or chronic inflammatory process.
Poser criteria are diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS). They replaced the older Schumacher criteria , [ 1 ] and are now considered obsolete as McDonald criteria have superseded them. Nevertheless, some of the concepts introduced have remained in MS research, like CDMS (clinical definite MS), and newer criteria are often calibrated ...
Multiple sclerosis, understood as a central nervous system (CNS) condition, can be difficult to diagnose since its signs and symptoms may be similar to other medical problems. [1] Medical organizations have created diagnostic criteria to ease and standardize the diagnostic process especially in the first stages of the disease.