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The majority of self-declared socialist countries have been Marxist–Leninist or inspired by it, following the model of the Soviet Union or some form of people's or national democracy. They share a common definition of socialism, and they refer to themselves as socialist states on the road to communism with a leading vanguard party structure ...
The establishment of other communist states after World War II resulted in Sovietisation, and these states tended to follow the Soviet Marxist–Leninist model of five-year plans and rapid industrialisation, political centralisation, and repression.
Although Marxist theory suggested that industrial societies were the most suitable places for social revolution (either through peaceful transition or by force of arms), communism was mostly successful in underdeveloped countries with endemic poverty such as the Republic of China. [3]
Shortly afterwards World War II broke out, and within two years Hitler had occupied most of Europe, and by 1942 both democracy and social democracy in Central and Eastern Europe fell under the threat of fascism. The only socialist parties of any significance able to operate freely were those in Britain, Sweden, Switzerland, Canada, Australia ...
After World War II [ edit ] A new upsurge of revolutionary feeling swept across Europe in the aftermath of World War II , though it was not as strong as the one triggered by World War I that resulted in a failed socialist revolution in Germany and a successful one in Russia.
While many countries with constitutional references to socialism and countries ruled by long-standing socialist movements exist, within Marxist–Leninist theory a socialist state is led by a communist party that has instituted a socialist economy in a given country. [71]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 19 February 2025. Economic and sociopolitical worldview For the political ideology commonly associated with states governed by communist parties, see Marxism–Leninism. Karl Marx, after whom Marxism is named. Friedrich Engels, who co-developed Marxism. Marxism is a political philosophy and method of ...
A joint declaration published by a number of Marxist–Leninist–Maoist organizations (Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War, Communist Party of the Philippines, Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist, and others) in 1998 stated that “the strategic line of protracted people’s war…is applicable in most countries ...