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Birmingham, Alabama was, in 1963, "probably the most thoroughly segregated city in the United States", according to King. [8] Although the city's population of almost 350,000 was 60% white and 40% black, [9] Birmingham had no black police officers, firefighters, sales clerks in department stores, bus drivers, bank tellers, or store cashiers.
A. D. King, brother of Martin Luther King Jr., and a motel owned by A. G. Gaston, where King and others organizing the campaign had stayed. It is believed that the bombings were carried out by members of the Ku Klux Klan, in cooperation with Birmingham police.
The "Letter from Birmingham Jail", also known as the "Letter from Birmingham City Jail" and "The Negro Is Your Brother", is an open letter written on April 16, 1963, by Martin Luther King Jr. It says that people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws and to take direct action rather than waiting potentially forever for justice to come ...
In 1963, the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. was behind bars in Alabama as a result of his continuing crusade for civil rights. While there, he was the subject of criticism by eight white clergymen ...
"Fifty Years After the Birmingham Children's Crusade". The New Yorker. M. S. Handler, "Malcolm X Terms Dr. King’s Tactics Futile," The New York Times, May 11, 1963; Folk music. Phil Ochs, song, Talking Birmingham Jam, performed at the Newport Folk Festival, July 26–28, 1963, released on Newport Broadside, 1964 and Live at Newport, 1966
Why We Can't Wait is a 1964 book by Martin Luther King Jr. about the nonviolent movement against racial segregation in the United States, and specifically the 1963 Birmingham campaign. The book describes 1963 as a landmark year in the civil rights movement , and as the beginning of America's "Negro Revolution".
Martin Luther King Jr. poses for a mug shot at a police station in Montgomery, Alabama, following his arrest on February 21, 1956, for directing a city-wide boycott of segregated buses.
In 1957, in the wake of the Montgomery, Alabama, bus boycott, Shuttlesworth worked with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and other Black pastors to form the Southern Christian Leadership Conference ...