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The custom dates back at least to the late 17th or early 18th century. Gong-chime and drum ensembles, labeled tifa totobuang, were mentioned by François Valentijn, a Dutch army cleric who served in the Dutch army in Ambon, Maluku in two tours, 1686-1994 and 1703–1713. [4]
The tifa, tiwa or tiva is a single-headed goblet drum used throughout the Maluku Islands of Eastern Indonesia, where it is traditionally the "dominant instrument" in Maluku province music. [1]
Musicians playing a totobuang (Kulintang) in Ambon, Maluku, Indonesia. Circa 1980. Kulintang music has no set compositions due to its concept of rhythmic modes. [15] A rhythmic mode (or designation or genre or pattern) is defined as a musical unit that binds together the entire five instrument ensemble. [42]
Ladrang form on the balugan instruments. GONG = gong ageng Play approximation without colotomy ⓘ. The kempyang and ketuk are two instruments in the gamelan ensemble of Indonesia, generally played by the same player, and sometimes played by the same player as the kenong.
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Gordang sambilan is a kendang (Indonesian version of drum) musical instrument originating from North Sumatra, Indonesia. [1] Gordang sambilan consists of nine relatively large and long drums (drum chime) made of ingul wood and played by four people.
The group name 'Nuaulu' means head[waters] of the Nua River, which is the ancestral homeland of the Nuaulu people. In the late 19th century or early 20th century, the Nuaulu people were moved down to the coast by the Dutch for purposes of pacification.
Gambang kromong orchestral instruments consists of: gambang kayu (a xylophone-like instrument), kromong (a set of 5 toned bonang), two Chinese rebab-like instruments called ohyan and gihyan with its resonator made out of a small coconut shell, a diatonic pitched flute that is blown crosswise, kenong and gendang drums.