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A Stirling engine uses a single-phase working fluid that maintains an internal pressure close to the design pressure, and thus for a properly designed system the risk of explosion is low. In comparison, a steam engine uses a two-phase gas/liquid working fluid, so a faulty overpressure relief valve can cause an explosion.
A Fluidyne engine is an alpha or gamma type Stirling engine with one or more liquid pistons. It contains a working gas (often air), and either two liquid pistons or one liquid piston and a displacer. [1] The engine was invented in 1969. [2] The engine was patented in 1973 by the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority. [3] [2]
In mechanical engineering, the Beale number is a parameter that characterizes the performance of Stirling engines. [1] It is often used to estimate the power output of a Stirling engine design. For engines operating with a high temperature differential, typical values for the Beale number are in the range 0.11−0.15; where a larger number ...
The fluid then, by expanding and acting on the mechanism of the engine, produces motion and usable work. [1] The fluid is then dumped (open cycle), or cooled, compressed and reused (closed cycle). In these types of engines, the combustion is primarily used as a heat source, and the engine can work equally well with other types of heat sources.
A desktop gamma Stirling engine. The working fluid in this engine is air. The hot heat exchange is the glass cylinder on the right, and the cold heat exchanger is the finned cylinder on the top. This engine uses a small alcohol burner (bottom right) as a heat source
The Stirling cycle is a thermodynamic cycle that describes the general class of Stirling devices. This includes the original Stirling engine that was invented, developed and patented in 1816 by Robert Stirling with help from his brother, an engineer.
High-accuracy electronic pressure transmitters and transducers Aug 2, 1999 Patriot Sensors & Controls Corp. [10] Position sensors, aviation sensors and tank-level gauges Dec 3, 1999 Drexelbrook Engineering [11] Point and continuous level measurement May 21, 2001 GS Electric [12] Universal and permanent magnet motors Jul 9, 2001 Edax Inc. [13]
The working fluid of a heat engine or heat pump is a gas or liquid, usually called a refrigerant, coolant, or working gas, that primarily converts thermal energy (temperature change) into mechanical energy (or vice versa) by phase change and/or heat of compression and expansion.