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Because MDR tuberculosis is an airborne pathogen, persons with active, pulmonary tuberculosis caused by a multidrug-resistant strain can transmit the disease if they are alive and coughing. [41] TB strains are often less fit and less transmissible, and outbreaks occur more readily in people with weakened immune systems (e.g., patients with HIV).
Multiple drug resistance (MDR), multidrug resistance or multiresistance is antimicrobial resistance shown by a species of microorganism to at least one antimicrobial drug in three or more antimicrobial categories. [1] Antimicrobial categories are classifications of antimicrobial agents based on their mode of action and specific to target ...
MDR-TB is defined as resistance to the two most effective first-line TB drugs: rifampicin and isoniazid. Extensively drug-resistant TB is also resistant to three or more of the six classes of second-line drugs. [155] Totally drug-resistant TB is resistant to all currently used drugs. [156]
Tuberculosis (TB) resistant to antibiotics is called MDR TB (multidrug-resistant TB). Globally, MDR TB causes 150,000 deaths annually. [13] The rise of the HIV/AIDS epidemic has contributed to this. [14] Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an obligate pathogen that has evolved to ensure its persistence in human populations. [15]
MDR TB Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis: ME Myalgic Encephalomyelitis: ME/CFS Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: MERS Middle East respiratory syndrome: MFS Marfan syndrome: MI Myocardial infarction: MID Multi-infarct dementia: MIS Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome MIS-A Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in adults MIS-C
A variety of different bacteria - testing for antimicrobial resistance. Multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR bacteria) are bacteria that are resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobial drugs. [1] MDR bacteria have seen an increase in prevalence in recent years [clarification needed] [2] and pose serious risks to public health.
Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is characterised by resistance to at least the two front-line drugs isoniazid and rifampin. [78] [76] MDR is associated with a relatively poor treatment success rate of 52%.
Totally drug-resistant tuberculosis (TDR-TB) is a generic term for tuberculosis strains that are resistant to a wider range of drugs than strains classified as extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. Extensively drug resistant tuberculosis is tuberculosis that is resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin, any fluoroquinolone, and any of the three ...