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Original health belief model. In social psychology, the health belief model (HBM) is a psychological framework used to explain and predict individuals' potentially detrimental behaviors, attitudes and beliefs on their health.
The initial behavior model was an attempt to study of why a family uses health services. However, due to the heterogeneity of family members, the model focused on the individual rather than the family as the unit of analysis. Andersen also states that the model functions both to predict and explain use of health services. [3]
Health belief model: It is a psychological model attempting to provide an explanation and prediction of health behaviors through a focus on the attitudes and beliefs of individuals. [16] Based on the belief that the perception an individual has determines their success in taking on that behavior change.
Each behavioural change theory or model focuses on different factors in attempting to explain behaviour change. Of the many that exist, the most prevalent are learning theories, social cognitive theory, theories of reasoned action and planned behaviour, transtheoretical model of behavior change, the health action process approach, and the BJ Fogg model of behavior change.
Models that describe health behavior change can be distinguished in terms of the assumption whether they are continuum-based or stage-based. [7] A continuum (mediator) model claims that change is a continuous process that leads from lack of motivation via action readiness either to successful change or final disengagement.
Recent advances in psychological, medical, and physiological research have led to a new way of thinking about health and illness. This conceptualization, which has been labeled the biopsychosocial model, views health and illness as the product of a combination of factors including biological characteristics (e.g., genetic predisposition), behavioral factors (e.g., lifestyle, stress, health ...
In psychology, the I-change model [1] [2] or the integrated model, for explaining motivational and behavioral change, derives from the Attitude – Social Influence – Self-Efficacy Model, integrates ideas of Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior, [3] Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory, Prochaska's Transtheoretical Model, [4] the Health Belief Model, [5] and Goal setting [6] theories.
In addition, the health belief model suggests the need to focus on the benefits of health behaviors and the fact that barriers to action are easily overcome. The theory of planned behavior suggests using persuasive messages for tackling behavioral beliefs to increase the readiness to perform a behavior, called intentions .