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A reducing machine was a type of pantograph lathe used until the 21st century to manufacture coin dies. Prior to the machine's introduction, designs were cut by hand into metal dies by a specialist engraver. The reducing machine changed this by allowing artists to create designs on a larger surface area and then have them scaled down and cut ...
Drafting pantograph in use Pantograph used for scaling a picture. The red shape is traced and enlarged. Pantograph 3d rendering. A pantograph (from Greek παντ- 'all, every' and γραφ- 'to write', from their original use for copying writing) is a mechanical linkage connected in a manner based on parallelograms so that the movement of one pen, in tracing an image, produces identical ...
20th-century engravers (5 C, 195 P) 21st-century engravers (1 C, 31 P) B. Baroque engravers (15 P) C. Catholic engravers (28 P) Color engravers (23 P) G. Engraved gem ...
The P865 and P2020 are retired articulated light rail vehicles used on the Los Angeles Metro Rail system. They were manufactured by Nippon Sharyo and used on the A , C (P2020), and E lines. The trains featured air conditioning , emergency intercoms, wheelchair spaces and automated announcements.
Other terms often used for printed engravings are copper engraving, copper-plate engraving or line engraving. Steel engraving is the same technique, on steel or steel-faced plates, and was mostly used for banknotes, illustrations for books, magazines and reproductive prints, letterheads and similar uses from about 1790 to the early 20th century, when the technique became less popular, except ...
In 1925, the union absorbed the International Steel and Copper Plate Engravers' League, adopting its current name in 1930. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] After the merger, it had 1,000 members. [ 6 ] By 1980, the union's membership had fallen to 400.
Laser engraving metal plates are manufactured with a finely polished metal, coated with an enamel paint made to be "burned off". At levels of 10 to 30 watts, excellent engravings are made as the enamel is removed quite cleanly. Much laser engraving is sold as exposed brass or silver-coated steel lettering on a black or dark-enamelled background.
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