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Influenced by the American geostrategist Alfred Thayer Mahan, Ratzel wrote of aspirations for German naval reach, agreeing that sea power was self-sustaining, as the profit from trade would pay for the merchant marine, unlike land power. [citation needed] The geopolitical theory of Ratzel has been criticized as being too sweeping, and his ...
Pledges by BRICS leaders to defend non-Western countries' interests are part of a gradual shift in emphasis by the group from economics to geopolitics. "Make no mistake: this is not just about trade.
The shift has been reflected in renewed fighting for control of the north, where Turkey-backed armed groups known as the Syrian National Army (SNA) have made military advances against the Kurdish ...
Global Swing States refer to countries whose strategic choices have a significant impact on the international order due to their geopolitical influence, economic power, and diplomatic capabilities. These nations are considered pivotal in shaping global governance structures, balancing power dynamics, and influencing international norms and ...
Mensah, the bank's head of international operations, pointed to a range of factors that could boost inflation, like shifting supply chains, rising wages, and geopolitical risks.
A key example was the chain-ganging between states prior to World War I, dragging most of Europe to war over a dispute between the relatively major power of Austria-Hungary and the minor power of Serbia. Thus, states "may chain themselves unconditionally to reckless allies whose survival is seen to be indispensable to the maintenance of the ...
For example, he points to the case of World War I, which Allison identifies as an instance of an emerging Germany rivaling a hegemonic Britain, saying that the war was also caused by "the fear in Germany of Russia's growing power, the fear of rising Slavic nationalism in a declining Austria-Hungary, as well as myriad other factors that differed ...
The new incumbent power 'prioritises global problems', mobilises a coalition, is decisive and innovative. [11] Pre-modern communities become dependent on the hegemonic power. [12] Delegitimation. This phase can last for 20–27 years; the hegemonic power falters, as rival powers assert new nationalistic policies. [13] Deconcentration.