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In birds, some temperature control occurs in the respiratory system. [16] Water vapor heats cool air during inhalation in the trachea, and increases its humidity. [16] The resulting evaporative water loss varies greatly and depends on several factors including air sac pressure and the subsequent rate of air flow through the trachea.
Avian metapneumovirus (aMPV), also known as turkey rhinotracheitis or swollen head syndrome, [2] causes a variety of disease syndromes in birds, depending on the bird species and virus type (A, B, C or D). [3] First detected in 1978 in South Africa, the virus has spread all over the world except Australia. [4]
Importantly, birds generally have longer necks than mammals. This distinction is due to the unidirectional flow of the avian respiratory system, which increases efficiency of gas exchange. [18] Efficiency permits more “dead space” within the avian trachea, allowing the trachea to lengthen without a subsequent decrease in tracheal diameter. [19]
Bird fancier's lung (BFL), also known as bird breeder's lung, is a type of hypersensitivity pneumonitis.It can cause shortness of breath, fever, dry cough, chest pain, anorexia and weight loss, fatigue, and progressive pulmonary fibrosis (the most serious complication).
Bird anatomy, or the physiological structure of birds' bodies, shows many unique adaptations, mostly aiding flight.Birds have a light skeletal system and light but powerful musculature which, along with circulatory and respiratory systems capable of very high metabolic rates and oxygen supply, permit the bird to fly.
A dozen more dairy herds in California have been stricken with bird flu as the virus continues to infect animals and humans around the U.S.. Nearly 700 herds in the state — or 71 percent of all ...
Poultry litter causing the bovine cases of avian flu is considered "very unlikely, though not impossible" wrote Veronika Pfaeffle, in a joint statement from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and ...
Ibis (formerly The Ibis), subtitled the International Journal of Avian Science, is the peer-reviewed scientific journal of the British Ornithologists' Union. It was established in 1859. [1] Topics covered include ecology, conservation, behaviour, palaeontology, and taxonomy of birds.