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Aplastic anemia is a rare, noncancerous disorder in which the blood marrow is unable to adequately produce blood cells required for survival. [ 44 ] [ 45 ] It is estimated that the incidence of aplastic anemia is 0.7–4.1 cases per million people worldwide, with the prevalence between men and women being approximately equal. [ 46 ]
In Europe and North America, the incidence of acquired aplastic anemia is rare with two episodes per million people each year, yet in Asia rises with 3.9 to 7.4 episodes per million people each year. [15] While acquired aplastic anemia with an unknown cause is rare, it is commonly permanent and life-threatening as half of those with this ...
Based on 2005-2006 estimates, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has stated that approximately 5.5 million Americans a year are either admitted to a hospital or seen by a physician, with some form of anemia as their primary diagnosis. [4] Symptoms of anaemia include Plummer–Vinson syndrome, candidal infections.
This category reflects the organization of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision. Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes D60-D61 within Chapter III: Diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs, and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism should be included in this category.
With isolated reticulocytopenia, the main cause is Parvovirus B19 infection of reticulocytes leading to transient anemia. [2] In patients who rely on frequent red cell regeneration e.g. sickle cell disease, a reticulocytopenia can lead to a severe anemia due to the cessation in red cell production (erythropoiesis), referred to as aplastic ...
Aplastic anemia patients present with symptoms related to a decrease in hematopoietic cell production in the bone marrow. The onset is gradual, and the first symptom is frequently anemia or bleeding, though a high temperature or infections may be present at the onset. The following are examples of specific manifestations: [12]
Transfusion-dependent anemia is a form of anemia characterized by the need for continuous blood transfusion. It is a condition that results from various diseases, and is associated with decreased survival rates. [1] [2] Regular transfusion is required to reduce the symptoms of anemia by increasing functional red blood cells and hemoglobin count.
Congenital amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (CAMT) is a rare autosomal recessive bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by severe thrombocytopenia, which can progress to aplastic anemia and leukemia. [4] CAMT usually manifests as thrombocytopenia in the initial month of life or in the fetal phase.