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Close-up view of Fraser fir foliage. Abies fraseri is a small evergreen coniferous tree typically growing between 30 and 50 ft (10 and 20 m) tall and rarely to 80 ft (20 m), with a trunk diameter of 16–20 in (41–51 cm), rarely 30 in (80 cm).
For thousands of years Native Americans used balsam fir for medicinal and therapeutic purposes. The needles are eaten directly off the tree by many animals and humans. Higher content dosage is ingested in tea. Balsam fir contains vitamin C, which has been studied for its effects on bacterial and viral infections. [4]
The leaves ("needles") are flattened, 2–4 cm (3 ⁄ 4 – 1 + 1 ⁄ 2 in) long and 1.5–2.5 mm (1 ⁄ 16 – 3 ⁄ 32 in) thick, spread at right angles from the shoot, and end in a point. [1] They spread on two sides, but not flat like for example in silver fir. Usually they more or less rise up forming with the shoot a V-shape empty ...
'Prostrata' This slow-growing cultivar matures into a spreading, mounded shape, 4-5 feet tall, 12-14 feet wide. Fraser Fir Companion Plants. In the wild, Fraser fir often grows with other types of ...
The leaves are needle-like, among the longest of any fir, 4–9 centimetres (1.6–3.5 in) long, flattened in cross-section, glossy dark green above, with two whitish stomatal bands on the underside; they are arranged spirally on the shoots, but twisted at the base to lie in a flat plane either side of the shoot.
The tree typically grows to 40–70 m (130–230 ft) in height, and may be the tallest Abies species in the world. There are two varieties, the taller coast grand fir, found west of the Cascade Mountains, and the shorter interior grand fir, found east of the Cascades. It was first described in 1831 by David Douglas. [3]
Many are also decorative garden trees, notably Korean fir and Fraser's fir, which produce brightly coloured cones even when very young, still only 1–2 m (3 ft 3 in – 6 ft 7 in) tall. Many fir species are grown in botanic gardens and other specialist tree collections in Europe and North America. [20]
Abies numidica is a medium-sized to large evergreen tree growing to 20–35 meters tall, with a trunk up to 1 meter diameter. The leaves are needle-like, moderately flattened, 1.5–2.5 centimeters long and 2–3 millimeters wide by 1 millimeters thick, glossy dark green with a patch of greenish-white stomata near the tip above, and with two greenish-white bands of stomata below.