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Every cargo in ship is controlled before being unloaded. The controls are strict for the chemical and oil carriers and are conducted by an independent surveyor. The ullage is a means to calculate the quantity in the tanks; the sample of content gives an idea of the quality (density and temperature) of liquid in tanks. The surveyor must have ...
Vapor accidents can occur when pressure builds up in the tank below and the Butterworth cover is carelessly removed. [5] Butterworth hatches have been responsible for a number of marine losses. [ 6 ] In the United States , regulations prescribe requirements for Butterworth hatches and covers.
The Code also sets out requirements for emergency shutdown (ESD) systems for when liquefied gas cargoes are carried in bulk. [4] Section 4.1 of the IGC Code defines several types of tanks that can carry liquefied gases. These include independent tanks (of which there are three types, A, B and C), membrane tanks, integral tanks and semi-membrane ...
Requirements for establishing United States citizenship 356 Requirements for vessels of 100 feet or greater in registered length to obtain a fishery endorsement to the vessel's documentation 370 Claims 380 Procedures 381 Cargo preference--U.S.-flagged vessels 382
Special cargo and/or safety inspection of specific requirements of governments, ship operators, insurance companies or shipper. Surveys of import and export unboxed automobiles. On-hire, off-hire, and condition surveys of cargo compartments and handling gear. Hatch surveys, including condition of cargo prior to, during, and after discharge.
Hull inspection to ensure seaworthiness of vessel. Main/auxiliary power inspection to ensure safe and operable machinery for vessel propulsion and emergency power. Boiler inspection to ensure that it is structurally sound with operable safety devices. Electrical systems inspection to ensure satisfactory installation of wiring and equipment.
Inspections of ocean shipping containers conducted by the U.S.-based National Cargo Bureau discovered a shocking number of containers with misdeclared and improperly packaged cargo. CINS describes ...
All cargo vessels where MARPOL Convention is applicable must have an oil record book in which the officer responsible will record all oil or sludge transfers and discharges within the vessel. This is necessary for authorities to be able to monitor if a vessel's crew has properly disposed of their oil discharges at sea.
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