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Arterial occlusion is a condition involving partial or complete blockage of blood flow through an artery. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood to body tissues. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] An occlusion of arteries disrupts oxygen and blood supply to tissues, leading to ischemia . [ 1 ]
Complications may include seizures, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, mesenteric artery occlusion, or rhabdomyolysis. [2] The main risk factor is a history of diabetes mellitus type 2. [4] Occasionally it may occur in those without a prior history of diabetes or those with diabetes mellitus type 1.
Vascular occlusion is a blockage of a blood vessel, usually with a clot. It differs from thrombosis in that it can be used to describe any form of blockage, not just one formed by a clot. When it occurs in a major vein , it can, in some cases, cause deep vein thrombosis .
Diabetes mellitus is the most common cause of adult kidney failure worldwide. It also the most common cause of amputation in the US, usually toes and feet, often as a result of gangrene , and almost always as a result of peripheral artery disease .
Ischemia is a vascular disease involving an interruption in the arterial blood supply to a tissue, organ, or extremity that, if untreated, can lead to tissue death. It can be caused by embolism, thrombosis of an atherosclerotic artery, or trauma. Venous problems like venous outflow obstruction and low-flow states can cause acute arterial ischemia.
Defects in cellular processes such as autophagy and mitophagy are thought to contribute to the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. [2] Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized functionally by ventricular dilation, enlargement of heart cells, prominent interstitial fibrosis and decreased or preserved systolic function [5] in the presence of a diastolic dysfunction.
An occlusion of the artery would be seen by decreased or absent flow distal to the occlusion. Doppler ultrasound can even distinguish between embolic and thrombotic plaque. The former would show a delineated, round thrombus, whereas the latter would show narrowed arterial lumen with atherosclerotic plaque.
hypertension, coronary artery disease, and/or diabetes: cholesterol embolus(i) of retinal artery(ies) Homans' sign: John Homans: thrombosis: deep venous thrombosis: knee bent, ankle abruptly dorsiflexed, popliteal pain Hoover's sign (leg paresis) Charles Franklin Hoover: neurology, psychiatry: lower extremity paresis