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The acute effects of ECT can include amnesia, both retrograde (for events occurring before the treatment) and anterograde (for events occurring after the treatment). [70] Memory loss and confusion are more pronounced with bilateral electrode placement rather than unilateral, and with outdated sine-wave rather than brief-pulse currents.
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a controversial therapy used to treat certain mental illnesses such as major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, depressed bipolar disorder, manic excitement, and catatonia. [1] These disorders are difficult to live with and often very difficult to treat, leaving individuals suffering for long periods of time.
Shock therapy describes a set of techniques used in psychiatry to treat depressive disorder or other mental illnesses. It covers multiple forms, such as inducing seizures or other extreme brain states, or acting as a painful method of aversive conditioning. [1] Two types of shock therapy are currently practiced:
ECT originated as a new form of convulsive therapy, rather than as a completely new treatment. [5] Convulsive therapy was introduced in 1934 by Hungarian neuropsychiatrist Ladislas J Meduna who, believing that schizophrenia and epilepsy were antagonistic disorders, induced seizures in patients with first camphor and then cardiazol.
In 1927, Sakel, who had recently qualified as a medical doctor in Vienna and was working in a psychiatric clinic in Berlin, began to use low (sub-coma) doses of insulin to treat drug addicts and psychopaths, and when one of the patients experienced improved mental clarity after having slipped into an accidental coma, Sakel reasoned the treatment might work for mentally ill patients. [3]
Official outrage soon dissipated, however, and widespread policy change is still slow in coming. Programs modeled after the “therapeutic community,” seeking to break the spirit of addicts through punitive measures, remain influential to this day; humiliation, degradation, and the drive to “reprogram” addicts are still part of mainstream ...
Shock therapy may refer to: Shock therapy (economics) Shock therapy (psychiatry) See also. Shock Treatment (disambiguation) Extracorporeal shockwave therapy
Bergonic chair for giving general electric treatment for psychological effect in psycho-neurotic cases (World War I era) This is a list of people treated with electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT ). This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness.