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Bacterial cold water disease (BCWD) is a bacterial disease of freshwater fish, specifically salmonid fish.It is caused by the bacterium Flavobacterium psychrophilum (previously classified in the genus Cytophaga), [1] a psychrophilic, [2] gram-negative [2] rod-shaped bacterium of the family Flavobacteriaceae. [3]
Caused by bacteria belonging to genus Legionella (90% of cases caused by Legionella pneumophila) Legionella is a very common organism that reproduces to high numbers in warm water; [18] but only causes severe disease when aerosolized. [19] Pontiac fever produces milder symptoms resembling acute influenza without pneumonia.
Cholera is caused by a number of types of Vibrio cholerae, with some types producing more severe disease than others. [2] It is spread mostly by unsafe water and unsafe food that has been contaminated with human feces containing the bacteria. [2] Undercooked shellfish is a common source. [9] Humans are the only known host for the bacteria. [2]
Infection may cause a person to become lactose intolerant, so it is recommended to temporarily avoid lactose following an infection. [1] Resistance to treatment may occur in some patients. [1] Giardiasis occurs worldwide. [5] It is one of the most common parasitic human diseases. [3]
Legionella is a genus of gram-negative bacteria that can be seen using a silver stain or grown in a special media that contains cysteine, an amino acid.It is known to cause legionellosis [3] (all illnesses caused by Legionella) including a pneumonia-type illness called Legionnaires' disease and a mild flu-like illness called Pontiac fever. [3]
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to concepts related to infectious diseases in humans.. Infection – transmission, entry/invasion after evading/overcoming defense, establishment, and replication of disease-causing microscopic organisms (pathogens) inside a host organism, and the reaction of host tissues to them and to the toxins they produce.
Certain bacterial infections can be serious and in some cases, life-threatening, say experts.
As bacterial and viral infections can both cause the same kinds of symptoms, it can be difficult to distinguish which is the cause of a specific infection. [11] Distinguishing the two is important, since viral infections cannot be cured by antibiotics whereas bacterial infections can. [12]