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Urticina eques in a Channel Islands sea bottom rich in marine life. Also seen are a purple sea urchin, a chestnut cowrie, and many strawberry anemones. Urticina eques is dioecious. In California, female ripeness occurs in December as the sea temperature begins to fall.
A typical sea anemone is a sessile polyp attached at the base to the surface beneath it by an adhesive foot, called a basal or pedal disc, with a column-shaped body topped by an oral disc. Most are from 1 to 5 cm (0.4 to 2.0 in) in diameter and 1.5 to 10 cm (0.6 to 3.9 in) in length, but they are inflatable and vary greatly in dimensions.
The relationship between anemonefish and their host sea anemones is not random and instead is highly nested in structure. [7] A. perideraion is a generalist, consistent with its widespread distribution, being hosted by the following four of the 10 host anemones: [2] [4] [7] Heteractis crispa sebae anemone
Actiniidae is the largest family of sea anemones, to which most common, temperate, shore species belong. Most members of this family do not participate in symbioses with fishes. Three exceptions are the bubble-tip anemone (with anemonefish and certain cardinalfish), snakelocks anemone (with Incognito goby) and Urticina piscivora (with painted ...
If the sea urchin comes into contact with the tentacles of the sea anemone, it may be unable to tear itself free, however, if it is swathed in seaweed fragments or concealed among the seaweed fronds, the sea anemone's tentacles may adhere to the algal material, enabling the sea urchin to make good its escape. [5]
The starlet sea anemone is used as a model organism in research. [34] It is easy to care for in the laboratory and a protocol has been developed which can yield large numbers of embryos on a daily basis. [35] There is a remarkable degree of similarity in the gene sequence conservation and complexity between the sea anemone and vertebrates. [35]
The anemone feeds on sea urchins, small fish, and crabs, but detached mussels seem to be the main food source. [5] [7] There are rare instances where the giant green anemone has consumed seabirds. [9] It is not known whether the birds were alive or dead when engulfed by the anemone.
These sheets of tissue develop into tentacles on the surface of the anemone. The tentacles of many species of anemones are found in multiples of six. Unlike other anemone the fish-eating anemone does not possess an acontia, which is thread-like tissue made up of stinging cells that function as a defense mechanism to protect against predators.