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Campaign finance – also called election finance, political donations, or political finance – refers to the funds raised to promote candidates, political parties, or policy initiatives and referendums.
Diagram by the Sunlight Foundation depicting the American campaign finance system. The financing of electoral campaigns in the United States happens at the federal, state, and local levels by contributions from individuals, corporations, political action committees, and sometimes the government.
In the United States, making a political contribution in another person's name is illegal, as is agreeing to be the named donor with someone else's money. [2] For example, a straw donor may contribute to a political campaign before being reimbursed by another, who is using that person as a conduit to exceed the limits on campaign contributions under the laws of a jurisdiction.
Contributions, donations or payments to politicians or political parties, including a campaign committee, newsletter fund, advertisements in convention bulletins, admission to dinners or programs that benefit a political party or political candidate and a political action committee (PAC), are not tax-deductible from income taxes. [1]
According to FEC filings, Menendez’s campaign paid more than $2.3 million to five different law firms in the last quarter of 2023 in the wake of his September indictment (campaign expenditure ...
In the United States, a political action committee (PAC) is a tax-exempt 527 organization that pools campaign contributions from members and donates those funds to campaigns for or against candidates, ballot initiatives, or legislation. [1] [2] The legal term PAC was created in pursuit of campaign finance reform in the United States.
Fundraising plays a central role in many presidential campaigns, and is a key factor in determining the viability of candidates. Money raised is applied for the salaries of non-volunteers in the campaign, transportation, campaign materials, media advertisements and other contingencies.
Once they have established eligibility for matching payments, presidential candidates may receive public funds to match contributions from individual contributors, up to $250 per individual. Contributions from political committees are not eligible for matching funds. Cash contributions are also ineligible, as their origins cannot be tracked.