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Particulate matter (PM), particularly PM2.5, was found to be harmful to aquatic invertebrates. [41] These aquatic invertebrates include fish, crustaceans, and Mollusca. In a study by Han et al, the effects of PM<2.5 micrometers on life history traits and oxidative stress were observed in Tigriopus japonicus.
In women, while overall effects on fertility do not appear significant there is an association between increased exposure to PM 10 and early miscarriage. Exposure to smaller particulate matter, PM 2.5, appears to have an effect on conception rates in women undergoing IVF but does not affect live birth rates. [2] Ozone structure showing three ...
Known as PM2.5, or particulate matter, these microscopic particles and droplets are 2.5 micrometers or less in diameter. ... People can use a pre-made saline solution or make their own at home ...
A 2014 WHO worldwide survey on maternal and perinatal health found a statistically significant association between low birth weights (LBW) and increased levels of exposure to PM 2.5. Women in regions with greater than average PM 2.5 levels had statistically significant higher odds of pregnancy resulting in a low-birth weight infant even when ...
Over the short term, elevated PM2.5 exposure can cause a runny nose, coughing and wheezing, eye and throat irritation, and even bronchitis and pneumonia, Falk says.
This list contains the top 500 cities by PM2.5 annual mean concentration measurement as documented by the World Health Organization covering the period from 2010 to 2022. The January 2024 version of the WHO database contains results of ambient (outdoor) air pollution monitoring from almost 5,390 towns and cities in 63 countries.
Looking down from the Hollywood Hills, with Griffith Observatory on the hill in the foreground, air pollution is visible in downtown Los Angeles on a late afternoon.. Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials into the atmosphere that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or damage ecosystems.
Air pollution is among the biggest health problems of modern industrial society and is responsible for more than 10 percent of all deaths worldwide (nearly 4.5 million premature deaths in 2019), according to The Lancet. Air pollution can affect nearly every organ and system of the body, negatively affecting nature and humans alike.