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Removing the extra factor of R can be done by multiplying by an integer R′ such that RR′ ≡ 1 (mod N), that is, by an R′ whose residue class is the modular inverse of R mod N. Then, working modulo N, () ′ () (). The integer R′ exists because of the assumption that R and N are coprime.
To convert a number from a fixed point type with scaling factor R to another type with scaling factor S, the underlying integer must be multiplied by the ratio R/S. Thus, for example, to convert the value 1.23 = 123/100 from scaling factor R=1/100 to one with scaling factor S=1/1000, the integer 123 must be multiplied by (1/100)/(1/1000) = 10 ...
Conversion of units is the conversion of the unit of measurement in which a quantity is expressed, typically through a multiplicative conversion factor that changes the unit without changing the quantity. This is also often loosely taken to include replacement of a quantity with a corresponding quantity that describes the same physical property.
List of conversion factors. 1 language. ... The solid angle subtended at the center of a sphere of radius r by a portion of the sphere having an area r 2.
Here are two methods for converting a factor rate to interest rates. Method one. Step 1: Subtract 1 from the factor rate. Step 2: Multiply the decimal by 365.
The example above illustrates how certain scale factors can cause unnecessary precision loss or rounding error, highlighting the importance of choosing the right scale factor. Using the scale factor of 1 ⁄ 11 and converting to binary representations, the following values are obtained:
Algorithm: SFF (Square-Free Factorization) Input: A monic polynomial f in F q [x] where q = p m Output: Square-free factorization of f R ← 1 # Make w be the product (without multiplicity) of all factors of f that have # multiplicity not divisible by p c ← gcd(f, f′) w ← f/c # Step 1: Identify all factors in w i ← 1 while w ≠ 1 do y ...
In an orthogonal coordinate system the lengths of the basis vectors are known as scale factors. The scale factors for the elliptic coordinates ( μ , ν ) {\displaystyle (\mu ,\nu )} are equal to h μ = h ν = a sinh 2 μ + sin 2 ν = a cosh 2 μ − cos 2 ν . {\displaystyle h_{\mu }=h_{\nu }=a{\sqrt {\sinh ^{2}\mu +\sin ^{2 ...