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An insurgency is a violent, armed rebellion by small, lightly armed bands who practice guerrilla warfare against a larger authority. [1] [2] [3] The key descriptive feature of insurgency is its asymmetric nature: small irregular forces face a large, well-equipped, regular military force state adversary. [4]
The concept of a 'people's war,' first described by Clausewitz in his classic treatise On War, was the closest example of a mass guerrilla movement in the 19th century.In general during the American Civil War, this type of irregular warfare was conducted in the hinterland of the border states (Missouri, Arkansas, Tennessee, Kentucky, and northwestern Virginia / West Virginia).
The term comes from the Latin bellum gerere ("to wage war"). [1] Unlike the use of belligerent as an adjective meaning "aggressive", its use as a noun does not necessarily imply that a belligerent country is an aggressor. In times of war, belligerent countries can be contrasted with neutral countries and non-belligerents.
The Italian Civil War in which forces of the Kingdom of Italy and the Italian resistance movement fought against occupying forces of Nazi Germany and forces of the Italian Social Republic during the Italian campaign of World War II. In China, the Chinese Civil War (1945–1949). In North Korea, the Korean War against South Korea.
Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen; Yemeni Civil War; Insurgency in the Maghreb; Northern Mali conflict; Insurgency in Balochistan; War in North-West Pakistan; Somali Civil War; Insurgency in Egypt; Libyan Crisis (2011–present) 1988 Saif al-Adel [2] [3] [4] Multinational: Afghanistan Algeria Bangladesh Burkina Faso Cameroon Chad Democratic Republic ...
A dominant principle that guided combatants through much of history was to the victor belong the spoils. [8] Emer de Vattel, in The Law of Nations (1758), presented an early codification of the distinction between annexation of territory and military occupation, the latter being regarded as temporary, due to the natural right of states to their continued existence. [8]
The American Civil War was the first 'railroad war' in history, due in no small part to the fact that in 1860 the United States had over 30,000 miles of tracks, more than any other country. The typical American freight train was composed of a 4-4-0 steam locomotive pulling 17 boxcars , each capable of carrying 5 to 10 tons of freight.
Following the end of the war in May 2009, amid mounting international pressure for an inquiry into the final stages of the war, President Rajapaksa appointed the Lessons Learnt and Reconciliation Commission (LLRC) to look back at the Sri Lankan civil war, and to provide recommendations for an era of healing and peace building.