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Flue gas from London's Bankside Power Station, 1975. Flue gas is the gas exiting to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or channel for conveying exhaust gases, as from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler or steam generator. It often refers to the exhaust gas of combustion at power plants. Technology is available to remove pollutants from ...
Exhaust gas or flue gas is emitted as a result of the combustion of fuels such as natural gas, gasoline (petrol), diesel fuel, fuel oil, biodiesel blends, [1] or coal. According to the type of engine, it is discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust pipe, flue gas stack, or propelling nozzle.
A flue gas stack at GRES-2 Power Station in Ekibastuz, Kazakhstan, the tallest of its kind in the world (420 meters or 1,380 feet) [1]. A flue-gas stack, also known as a smoke stack, chimney stack or simply as a stack, is a type of chimney, a vertical pipe, channel or similar structure through which flue gases are exhausted to the outside air.
Because the flue gas volume is reduced, less heat is lost in the flue gas. The size of the flue gas treatment equipment can be reduced by 75%. The flue gas is primarily CO 2, suitable for sequestration. The concentration of pollutants in the flue gas is higher, making separation easier.
The flue system is composed of two flues, the inner flue and the outer flue. The outer flue draws air into the bottom of the sealed firebox to allow for combustion. The inner flue draws hot exhaust gasses from the top of the sealed firebox and vents them directly to the outside of the structure through either an adjacent wall or roof. [4]
CEM systems can also measure air flow, flue gas opacity and moisture. A monitoring system that measures particulate matter is referred to as a PEMS. In the U.S., the EPA requires a data acquisition and handling system to collect and report the data. Measurements of concentration can be converted to mass/hour by including flow rate measurements.
Functionalizing silica membrane surfaces with amine containing molecules (on the surface silanol groups) allows the membranes to separate CO 2 from flue gas streams more effectively. [2] Surface functionalization (and thus chemistry) can be tuned to be more efficient for wet flue gas streams as compared to dry flue gas streams. [11]
All non-solvent constituents must be removed from the solvent. Pilot or full-scale tests using actual flue gases and solvents may be performed. [1] Calcium looping is a promising second generation post-combustion capture technology in which calcium oxide, often referred to as the "sorbent", is used to separate CO 2 from the flue gas.