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A Mongolian spot, also known as slate grey nevus or congenital dermal melanocytosis, is a benign, flat, congenital birthmark with wavy borders and an irregular shape. In 1883, it was described and named after Mongolians by Erwin Bälz, a German anthropologist based in Japan, who erroneously believed it to be most prevalent among his Mongolian patients.
Microscopically, congenital melanocytic nevi appear similar to acquired nevi with two notable exceptions. For the congenital nevus, the neval cells are found deeper into the dermis . Also, the deeper nevus cells can be found along with neurovascular bundles , with both surrounding hair follicles , sebaceous glands , and subcutaneous fat .
However, a melanocytic nevus is benign, and melanoma is malignant. Most melanocytic nevi never evolve into a cancer, with the lifetime risk for an individual nevus being 1 in 3000 for men and 1 in 11 000 for women. [5] Moreover, dermatologists have a standardized system for determining whether a skin lesion is suspicious for malignant melanoma.
Congenital versus acquired. Congenital nevus: Small to large nevus present at or near time of birth. Small ones have low potential for forming melanomas, however the risk increases with size, as in the giant pigmented nevus. [18] Acquired nevus: Any melanocytic nevus that is not a congenital nevus or not present at birth or near birth.
Congenital melanocytic nevus is a type of melanocytic nevus, the medical term for what is colloquially called a "mole", found in infants at birth. Occurring in about 1% of infants in the United States, it is located in the area of the head and neck 15% of the time, but may occur anywhere on the body. It may appear as light brown in fair-skinned ...
Nevus of Ito (nevus fuscoceruleus acromiodeltoideus) Nevus of Ota (congenital melanosis bulbi, melanosis bulborum and aberrant dermal melanocytosis, nevus fuscoceruleus ophthalmomaxillaris, oculodermal melanocytosis, oculomucodermal melanocytosis) Nevus spilus (speckled lentiginous nevus, zosteriform lentiginous nevus)
A Spitz nevus is a benign skin lesion.A type of melanocytic nevus, it affects the epidermis and dermis. [1]It is also known as an epithelioid and spindle-cell nevus, [2] and misleadingly as a benign juvenile melanoma, [2]: 691 and Spitz's juvenile melanoma [3]).
Porokeratotic eccrine ostial and dermal duct nevus (PEODDN) is a skin lesion that resembles a comedonal nevus, but it occurs on the palms and soles where pilosebaceous follicles are normally absent. [1] It is probably transmitted by paradominant transmission. [2]