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Signs and symptoms vary depending on the degree of hypothermia, and may be divided by the three stages of severity. People with hypothermia may appear pale and feel cold to touch. Infants with hypothermia may feel cold when touched, with bright red skin and an unusual lack of energy.
Hypothermia should be treated first, if present, by bringing core body temperature above 35 degrees Celsius. [ 6 ] [ 10 ] Raynaud's phenomenon: An abnormal spasming of blood vessels often in the tips of fingers and toes - usually in response to strong emotions or cold exposure. [ 8 ]
The first priority in people with frostbite should be to assess for hypothermia and other life-threatening complications of cold exposure. Before treating frostbite, the core temperature should be raised above 35 °C. Oral or intravenous (IV) fluids should be given. [7] Other considerations for standard hospital management include:
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One of the major symptoms of Shapiro syndrome is the hypothermia. Clonidine , an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor agonist, is a medication commonly used for hypertension. However, clonidine has been found to aid in hypothalamic regulation and is the most effective medication for symptom management in Shapiro syndrome . [ 5 ]
Hypothermia and extreme stress can both precipitate fatal tachyarrhythmias. A more modern view suggests that an autonomic conflict – sympathetic (due to stress) and parasympathetic (due to the diving reflex) coactivation – may be responsible for some cold water immersion deaths.
Signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock include: A rapid, weak, thready pulse due to decreased blood flow combined with tachycardia; Cool skin due to vasoconstriction and stimulation of vasoconstriction; Rapid and shallow breathing due to sympathetic nervous system stimulation and acidosis; Hypothermia due to decreased perfusion and evaporation ...
Targeted temperature management (TTM), previously known as therapeutic hypothermia or protective hypothermia, is an active treatment that tries to achieve and maintain a specific body temperature in a person for a specific duration of time in an effort to improve health outcomes during recovery after a period of stopped blood flow to the brain. [1]
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