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Conditions of Learning, by Robert M. Gagné, was originally published in 1965 by Holt, Rinehart and Winston and describes eight kinds of learning and nine events of instruction. This theory of learning involved two steps. [1] The theory stipulates that there are several different types or levels of learning.
According to Gagné, learning occurs in a series of nine learning events, each of which is a condition for learning which must be accomplished before moving to the next in order. Similarly, instructional events should mirror the learning events: Gaining attention: To ensure reception of coming instruction, the teacher gives the learners a stimulus.
Films: These provide visual context and thus bring another sense into the learning experience. Class discussions: This technique is used in all of the methods described above. It is one of the most important distinctions of constructivist teaching methods. [6] Campus wikis: These provide learners with a platform for curating helpful learning ...
Originating in the United States in the late 1970s, instructional theory is influenced by three basic theories in educational thought: behaviorism, the theory that helps us understand how people conform to predetermined standards; cognitivism, the theory that learning occurs through mental associations; and constructivism, the theory explores the value of human activity as a critical function ...
Learning theory (education) – Theory that describes how students receive, process, and retain knowledge during learning Constructivism (philosophy of education) – Theory of knowledge; Radical behaviorism – Term pioneered by B.F. Skinner; Instructional design – Process for design and development of learning resources
In psychology, the four stages of competence, or the "conscious competence" learning model, relates to the psychological states involved in the process of progressing from incompetence to competence in a skill. People may have several skills, some unrelated to each other, and each skill will typically be at one of the stages at a given time.
Bloom's taxonomy has become a widely adopted tool in education, influencing instructional design, assessment strategies, and learning outcomes across various disciplines. Despite its broad application, the taxonomy has also faced criticism, particularly regarding the hierarchical structure of cognitive skills and its implications for teaching ...
Competency-based learning or competency-based education is a framework for teaching and assessment of learning. It is also described as a type of education based on predetermined "competencies," which focuses on outcomes and real-world performance. [ 1 ]