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Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVGI) is a disinfection technique employing ultraviolet (UV) light, particularly UV-C (180–280 nm), to kill or inactivate microorganisms. UVGI primarily inactivates microbes by damaging their genetic material, thereby inhibiting their capacity to carry out vital functions.
A germicidal lamp (also known as disinfection lamp or sterilizer lamp) is an electric light that produces ultraviolet C (UVC) light. This short-wave ultraviolet light disrupts DNA base pairing , causing formation of pyrimidine dimers , and leads to the inactivation of bacteria , viruses , and protozoans .
While sunlight's ultraviolet rays can act as a disinfectant, the Earth's ozone layer blocks the rays' most effective wavelengths. Ultraviolet light-emitting machines, such as those used to disinfect some hospital rooms, make for better disinfectants than sunlight. [44] Since the mid-1990s cold plasma has been shown to be an efficient ...
Sterilization can be achieved using electromagnetic radiation, such as ultraviolet light (UV), X-rays, and gamma rays, or irradiation by subatomic particles such as electron beams. [57] Electromagnetic or particulate radiation can be energetic enough to ionize atoms or molecules ( ionizing radiation ), or less energetic atoms or molecules ( non ...
Disinfection uses liquid chemicals on surfaces and at room temperature to kill disease-causing microorganisms. Ultraviolet light has also been used to disinfect the rooms of patients infected with Clostridioides difficile after discharge. [14] Disinfection is less effective than sterilization because it does not kill bacterial endospores. [15]
Among related approaches, the psoralen derivative Amotosalen, activated by long-wavelength UV light, is used in Europe for disinfection of plasma and platelets. [105] However, this represents a photochemical reaction between the psoralen nucleus and viral nucleic acids, rather than a purely photodynamic effect.
UV devices can be fitted into ceiling light fixtures and irradiate air, killing potentially infectious particulates, including 99.99 percent of airborne microbial and fungal contaminants. [15] UV light has previously been used to clean surface contaminants in sterile environments such as hospital operating rooms.
•Infrared light source-do- •Ultraviolet light source-do- Inspissator: used to produce culture media for bacteriology that contain egg or serum, which coagulate on heating Tyndallizer: a process of sterilization from spore bearing bacteria; video link: Water bath: to heat things uniformly from all sides at a set temperature up to the boiling ...